Augustus

Reading notes

• The Loves §1.2 Caesar

  Augustus and the Julian house, kin to Cupid through Venus; his famous clemency ('with the hand he conquered by, he shields the conquered') flatters the regime.

• The Art of Love §1.6 Caesar

  Augustus, who staged the mock sea-battle (naumachia) of 2 BC pitting 'Persian' against 'Athenian' fleets.

• Letters from the Black Sea §1.1 Julian house

  The gens Iulia, the family of Julius Caesar and Augustus, here treated as the divine names Ovid's book carries like a priest's holy emblems.

• Letters from the Black Sea §1.2 Augustus's mercy

  The emperor Augustus, who relegated Ovid in AD 8; throughout the exile poetry Ovid both fears his anger and praises his clemency, begging a milder place of banishment.

• The Festivals §proem Caesar's altars

  Augustus; Ovid promises to sing the altars and festival-days Augustus added, not his wars.

• The Festivals §2.5 Father of the Fatherland

  \textit{Pater patriae}, the title voted to Augustus in 2 BC, the occasion of Ovid's panegyric on the Nones of February.

• The Festivals §4.4 Augustus

  The first emperor, restorer of the Magna Mater's temple; Ovid's princeps.

• The Festivals §5.12 Vesta's priest

  Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, here called avenger of both his father Caesar and Vesta.

• The Festivals §6.9 Caesar

  The first Roman emperor, under whom Vesta's fire burns safe; the Julian Kalends and Marcia honor his house.

• Metamorphoses §1.5 Augustus

  The emperor Augustus; Ovid flatters him by comparing his people's loyalty to the gods' devotion to Jove.

• Metamorphoses §15.518 under Augustus

  Caesar's heir, ruler of the earth as Jupiter rules heaven.

• Sorrows §1.1 Caesar

  The emperor Augustus, whose anger banished Ovid; throughout the Tristia 'Caesar' and 'the prince' mean Augustus, addressed as an offended but possibly merciful god.